Modelling Rock Fracturing Processes Theories, Methods, and Applications

This book is the second edition of the well-known textbook Modelling Rock Fracturing Processes. The new and extended edition provides the theoretical background of rock fracture mechanics used for modelling of 2-D and 3-D geomechanics problems and processes. Fundamentals of rock fracture mechanics integrated with experimental studies of rock fracturing processes are highlighted. The computer programs FRACOD 2D and 3D are used to analyse fracture initiation and propagation for the three fracture modes: Mode I, II and III. Coupled fracture modelling with other continuous and distinct element codes including FLAC, PFC, RFPA, TOUGH are also described. A series of applications of fracture modelling with importance for modern society is presented and discussed by distinguished rock fracture modelling experts.

Chapter 1. Introduction (Baotang Shen, Ove Stephansson, Mikael Rinne).- Part I: Theoretical background.- Chapter 2. Introduction to the Theories of Rock Fracturing (Mikael Rinne, Ove Stephansson, Baotang Shen, Heinz Konietzky).- Chapter 3. Laboratory studies of 2D and 3D rock fracture propagation (Baotang Shen, Xizhen Sun, Baoliang Zhang).- Chapter 4. Laboratory investigation on hydraulic fracturing of granite core specimens (Li Zhuang, Sunggyu Jung, Melvin Diaz, Kwang Yeom Kim).- Chapter 5. Impact of Injection style on the evolution of fluid-induced seismicity in hard rock at ?spö Hard Rock Laboratory (Arno Zang, Ove Stephansson and Günter Zimmermann).- Part II: Numerical methods.- Chapter 6. Modelling coupled rock fracture propagation with FRACOD (Baotang Shen, Ove Stephansson, Mikael Rinne).- Chapter 7. FRACOD3D: A Three-dimensional Crack Growth Simulator Code (Jingyu Shi, Baotang Shen).- Chapter 8. Coupled fracture modelling with RFPA (Gen Li, Chun’an Tang, Zhengzhao Liang, Lianchong Li).- Chapter 9. TOUGH-based hydraulic fracturing models (Jonny Rutqvist).- Chapter 10. Coupled fracture modelling with distinct element methods (Jeoung Seok Yoon, Jim Hazzard).- Part III: Case studies.- Chapter 11. Modelling of Tunnel Failure and Fault Re-activation in CO2 Geosequestration (Baotang Shen, Nick Barton, Jingyu Shi).- Chapter 12. FRACOD Applications to Underground LNG storage (Eui-Seob Park, Yong-Bok Jung, Taek Kon Kim, Baotang Shen).- Chapter 13. Applications for Deep Geothermal Engineering (Linmao Xie, Bing Bai, Baotang Shen, Günter Zimmermann, Ki-Bok Min).- Chapter 14. FRACOD applications to nuclear waste disposal (Mikael Rinne).- Chapter 15. Mine Stability and water inrush in coal mine (Yunliang Tan, Shichuan Zhang, Baotang Shen, Weiyao Guo, Xuesheng Liu).- Chapter 16. Modelling Hydraulic Fracturing in Coals (Weiguo Liang, Haojie Lian, Jianfeng Yang).- Chapter 17. Applications of Rock Failure Process Analysis (RFPA) to Rock Engineering (Chun’an Tang, Shibin Tang).- Chapter 18. Hydro-mechanical coupled PFC2D modelling of fluid injection induced seismicity and fault reactivation (Jeoung Seok Yoon, Arno Zang, Hannes Hofmann, Ove Stephansson).- Chapter 19. Lifetime prediction of rocks (Konietzky, H. Li, X. Chen, W.).- Chapter 20. Numerical Simulation of Hydraulically Driven Fractures (Branko Damjanac, Christine Detournay and Peter Cundall).

Baotang Shen is a Senior Principal Research Scientist at CSIRO Mineral Resources, Australia and Professor at Shandong University of Science Technology, China. Dr. Shen obtained his first degree in mining engineering in 1985 in China. He received his Ph.D. in rock mechanics in Sweden in 1993, and then worked with the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute (NGI) as a research fellow in 1994-95. Since 1995 he has been with CSIRO and focused on issues related to mining geomechanics, mining engineering and mining environment. Dr. Shen is specialised in mining engineering, monitoring instrumentations, numerical modelling, backfill technologies and rock fracture mechanics. Dr Shen has recently been leading many major research projects including: "International Collaboration Project on Coupled Fracture Mechanics Modelling" participated and supported by 13 international research organisations and universities; “Stress State and Coal Burst Risk near Major Geological Structures” supported by Australian Coal Association Research Program (ACARP); "Remediation of Abandoned Old Mines" supported by Queensland State Government; "Overburden Grout Injection Technology to Prevent Mine Subsidence" supported by BHP Billiton; "Roof fall Monitoring and Early Warning Technology" supported by JCOAL; "Integrated Coal and Gas Extraction for Deep Mines - Field Monitoring Component" - supported by Huainan Coal Mine Group. Dr. Shen is an influential expert in fracture mechanics modelling, and the leading author of the recently published book “Modelling Rock Fracturing Processes”. He has published more than 110 papers in journals and conference proceedings, and about 50 technical reports.

Ove Stephansson is Emeritus Professor at The Royal Institute of Technology, KTH in Stockholm and since 2002 he is Visiting Professor at GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam Germany. He has a Ph.D. in Theoretical and Experimental Tectonics from 1972 at Hans Ramberg Tectonic Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden. He spent one year as a Post-Doc at the Division of Mineral Physics of CSIRO in North Ride, Australia and in 1974 was appointed the first professor of Rock Mechanics at Luleå Technical University (LTU). He built up the rock mechanics laboratory at LTU and devoted 16 years of teaching and researching for the mining industry in northern Sweden. In 1990 he was appointed Professor of Engineering Geology at the Faculty of Civil Engineering, KTH. He retired from KTH in 2002. Professor Stephansson is specialised in theoretical, experimental and applied rock mechanics in mining and civil engineering. His main research topics are rock stresses and stress measurements, modelling fractured hard rock masses and geological disposal of toxic waste and spent nuclear fuel. He is the author, co-author and editor of more than 20 books and ca 250 international publications and conference contributions. He is an appointed Fellow of the International Society for Rock Mechanics with more than 6000 members and has served as vice-President for Europe in the society from 1991 to 1995. Since 1985 Professor Stephansson has been an independent rock mechanics consultant in his company and has worked mainly as an expert and inspector of rock mechanics and rock engineering problems related to the deep geological disposal of radioactive waste and spent nuclear fuel for the Swedish and Finnish Radiation Protection Agencies.

Mikael Rinne is Associate professor in Rock Mechanics at Aalto University, School of Engineering, Finland. He obtained his master degree in Mining Engineering in 1988 at Helsinki University of Technology, Finland. In the late 90’s Dr Rinne defended the degree of Licentiate of Engineering at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), Stockholm, Sweden and  his doctoral degree in Rock Engineering at the Helsinki University of Technology in 2008. His current research interests are directed to rock fracture mechanics, rock engineering, mining engineering and underground energy storages. Dr Rinne has been leading a number of major research projects at Aalto University. Mining associated research has been conducted through the EU funded project I2Mine (Innovative Technologies and Concepts for the Intelligent Deep Mine of the Future) in which research has been focused on short-term scheduling of the drilling and blasting cycle and to geotechnical risk on-line management in deep mines. Underground seasonal storage of solar thermal energy is another area of interest in his research team. Dr Rinne is the director of  the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) labelled Master’s programme European Mining Course (EMC) at Aalto University. He has supervised or co-supervised more than 100 Master’s theses and five Doctoral theses . He has published more than 60 peer-reviewed journal articles and conference papers, more than 10 technical reports and he has been the co-author of the first edition of the book “Modelling Rock