MAO - The Mother of all Amine Oxidases

Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is linked to psychiatric and neurological disorders, because inhibitors of the enzyme are used clinically for treatment of affective disorders and Parkinson’s disease. One of the interesting new aspects of MAO is the occurrence in the human population of deletions of genes coding for one or the other enzyme subtype (A or B). This leads to the possibility of a genetic basis for psychiatric disorders based on MAO. Subjects with deletions of type A or B, and combined deletions, have been described. In the first group of 6 papers in this book, the occurrence and characterization of these phenotypes, as well as the structure of MAO genes, is explored. Advances in the biochemistry of MAO subtypes and their physiological function and localization in brain and periphery is included. Other sections of the book deal with the neuroprotective action of MAO inhibitors and their pharmacology, especially the pharmacology of new MAO-B inhibitors.

Genetic aspects.- Determination of regions important for Monoamine Oxidase (MAO) A and B substrate and inhibitor selectivities.- Monoamine oxidase A deficiency: biogenic amine metabolites in random urine samples.- Relationship between monoamine oxidase (MAO) A specific activity and proportion of human skin fibroblasts which express the enzyme in culture.- Are MAO-A deficiency states in the general population and in putative high-risk populations highly uncommon?.- Differential trace amine alterations in individuals receiving acetylenic inhibitors of MAO-A (clorgyline) or MAO-B (selegiline and pargyline).- Clinical aspects.- Experience with tranylcypromine in early Parkinson’s disease.- Deprenyl monotherapy improves visuo-motor control in early parkinsonism.- Endogenous monoamine oxidase A inhibitory activity (tribulin), measured in saliva, is related to cardiovascular reactivity in normal individuals.- MAO inhibitory side effects of neuroleptics and platelet serotonin content in schizophrenic patients.- Neuroprotection.- Modulation of glutamate neurotoxicity in the transformed cell culture by monoamine oxidase inhibitors, clorgyline and deprenyl.- A cell culture model of cerebral ischemia as a convenient system to screen for neuroprotective drugs.- Neuroprotection by selegiline and other MAO inhibitors.- The neuroprotective and neuronal rescue effects of (—)-deprenyl.- Oxidation of Nmethyl (R)salsolinol: involvement to neurotoxicity and neuroprotection by endogenous catechol isoquinolines.- Biochemistry of monoamine oxidases.- Substrate regulation of monoamine oxidase.- Monoamine oxidases and related amine oxidases as phase I enzymes in the metabolism of xenobiotics.- Monoamine oxidases: from brain maps to physiology and transgenics to pathophysiology.-Structure-function relationships of mitochondrial monoamine oxidase A and B: chimaeric enzymes and site-directed mutagenesis studies.- Deamination of methylamine and angiopathy; toxicity of formaldehyde, oxidative stress and relevance to protein glycoxidation in diabetes.- Monoamine oxidase activities in human cystic and colonic arteries — influence of age.- Influence of maturation and ageing on the biotransformation of noradrenaline in the rat.- The oxidation of dopamine and epinine by the two forms of monoamine oxidase from rat liver.- Biochemistry of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase.- Properties and functions of tissue-bound semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidases in isolated cell preparations and cell cultures.- Studies on the time-dependent activation of microsomal semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidas.- Studies on the behaviour of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase in Sprague-Dawley rats treated with the monoamine oxidase inhibitor tranylcypromine.- Semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase in pig heart.- Pharmacology of MAO inhibitors.- Chronic TVP-1012 (rasagiline) dose — activity response of monoamine oxidases A and B in the brain of the common marmoset.- Increased striatal dopamine production from L-DOPA following selective inhibition of monoamine oxidase B by R(+)-N-propargyl-l-amino-indan (rasagiline) in the monkey.- Effects of N-propargyl-l-(R)aminoindan (rasagiline) in models of motor and cognition disorder.- (R)(+)-N-Propargyl-l-aminoindan (rasagiline) and derivatives: highly selective and potent inhibitors of monoamine oxidase B.- Function of endogenous monoamine oxidase inhibitors (tribulin).- Long term administration of (—)-deprenyl increases mortality in male Wistar rats.- Selegiline as immunostimulant — a novel mechanism of action?.-Clorgyline effect on pineal melatonin biosynthesis in rats with lesioned suprachiasmatic nuclei.- The effect of MAO-A inhibition and cold-immobilization stress on N-acetylserotonin and melatonin in SHR and WKY rat.- The influence of the antidepressant pirlindole and its dehydro-derivative on the activity of monoamine oxidase A and GABAA receptor binding.- “In vitro” effect of some 5-hydroxy-indolalkylamine derivatives on monoamine uptake system.- N-Alkyloxycarbonyl derivatives of ethylene diamine as monoamine oxidase inhibitors.