Load Testing of Bridges Proof Load Testing and the Future of Load Testing

Load Testing of Bridges, featuring contributions from almost fifty authors from around the world across two interrelated volumes, deals with the practical aspects, the scientific developments, and the international views on the topic of load testing of bridges. Volume 13, Load Testing of Bridges: Proof Load Testing and the Future of Load Testing, focuses first on proof load testing of bridges. It discusses the specific aspects of proof load testing during the preparation, execution, and post-processing of such a test (Part 1). The second part covers the testing of buildings. The third part discusses novel ideas regarding measurement techniques used for load testing. Methods using non-contact sensors, such as photography- and video-based measurement techniques are discussed. The fourth part discusses load testing in the framework of reliability-based decision-making and in the framework of a bridge management program. The final part of the book summarizes the knowledge presented across the two volumes, as well as the remaining open questions for research, and provides practical recommendations for engineers carrying out load tests. This work will be of interest to researchers and academics in the field of civil/structural engineering, practicing engineers and road authorities worldwide.

Part I Proof Load Testing of Bridges Chapter 1 Methodology for Proof Load Testing Eva O. L. Lantsoght1.1 Introduction 1.2 Determination of target proof load 1.3 Procedures for proof load testing 1.4 Processing of proof load testing results 1.5 Bridge assessment based on proof load tests 1.6 Summary and conclusions References Chapter 2 Load Rating of Prestressed Concrete Bridges without Design Plans by Nondestructive Field Testing David V. Jauregui, Brad D. Weldon, and Carlos V. Aguilar2.1 Introduction 2.2 Inspection and evaluation procedures 2.3 Case studies 2.4 Conclusions References Chapter 3 Example of Proof Load Testing from Europe Eva O. L. Lantsoght, Dick A. Hordijk, Rutger T. Koekkoek, and Cor van der Veen3.1 Introduction to viaduct Zijlweg 3.2 Preparation of proof load test 3.3 Execution of proof load test 3.4 Post-processing and rating 3.5 Summary and conclusions Acknowledgments References Part II Testing of Buildings Chapter 4 Load Testing of Concrete Building Constructions Gregor Schacht, Guido Bolle, and Steffen Marx4.1 Historical development of load testing in Europe 4.2 Load testing of existing concrete building constructions 4.3 New developments 4.4 Practical recommendations 4.5 Summary and conclusions References Part III Advances in Measurement Techniques for Load Testing Chapter 5 Digital Image and Video-Based Measurements Mohamad Alipour, Ali Shariati, Thomas Schumacher, Devin K. Harris, and C. J. Riley5.1 Introduction 5.2 Digital image correlation (DIC) for deformation measurements 5.3 Eulerian virtual visual sensors (VVS) for natural frequency measurements 5.4 Recommendations for practice 5.5 Summary and conclusions 5.6 Outlook and future trends Acknowledgments References Chapter 6 Acoustic Emission Measurements for Load Testing Mohamed ElBatanouny, Rafal Anay, Marwa A. Abdelrahman, and Paul Ziehl6.1 Introduction 6.2 Acoustic emission–based damage identification 6.3 Source location during load tests 6.4 Discussion and recommendations for field applications References Chapter 7 Fiber Optics for Load Testing Joan R. Casas, António Barrias, Gerardo Rodriguez Gutiérrez, and Sergi Villalba7.1 Introduction 7.2 Distributed optical fibers in load testing 7.3 Conclusions Acknowledgments References Chapter 8 Deflection Measurement on Bridges by Radar Techniques Carmelo Gentile8.1 Introduction 8.2 Radar technology and the microwave interferometer 8.3 Accuracy and validation of the radar technique 8.4 Static and dynamic tests of a steel-composite bridge 8.5 A challenging application: structural health monitoring of stay cables 8.6 Summary Acknowledgments References Part IV Load Testing in the Framework of Reliability-Based Decision-Making and Bridge Management Decisions Chapter 9 Reliability-Based Analysis and Life-Cycle Management of Load Tests Dan M. Frangopol, David Y. Yang, Eva O. L. Lantsoght, and Raphael D. J. M. Steenbergen9.1 Introduction 9.2 Influence of load testing on reliability index 9.3 Required target load for updating reliability index 9.4 Systems reliability considerations 9.5 Life-cycle cost considerations 9.6 Summary and conclusions References Chapter 10 Determination of Remaining Service Life of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Structures in Corrosive Environments after Load Testing Dimitri V. Val and Mark G. Stewart10.1 Introduction 10.2 Deterioration of RC structures in corrosive environments 10.3 Reliability-based approach to structural assessment 10.4 Corrosion initiation modeling 10.5 Corrosion propagation modeling 10.6 Effect of spatial variability on corrosion initiation and propagation 10.7 Influence of climate change 10.8 Illustrative examples 10.9 Summary References Chapter 11 Load Testing as Part of Bridge Management in Sweden Lennart Elfgren, Bjorn Täljsten, and Thomas Blanksvärd11.1 Introduction 11.2 History 11.3 Present practice 11.4 Future 11.5 Conclusions Acknowledgments References Chapter 12 Load Testing as Part of Bridge Management in the Netherlands Ane de Boer12.1 Introduction 12.2 Overview of load tests on existing structures 12.3 Inspections and re-examination 12.4 Conclusions and outlook References Part V Conclusions and Outlook Chaper 13 Conclusions and Outlook Eva O. L. Lantsoght13.1 Current body of knowledge on load testing 13.2 Current research and open research questions 13.3 Conclusions and practical recommendations

Dr. Lantsoght graduated with a Master’s Degree in Civil Engineering from the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (Brussels, Belgium) in 2008. She later earned a Master's degree in Structural Engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology (Atlanta, Georgia, USA) in 2009 and the title of Doctor in Structural Engineering from Technische Universiteit Delft (Delft, the Netherlands) in 2013. The work experience of Dr. Lantsoght includes design work in structural and bridge engineering in Belgium (Establis, and Ney & Partners) and working as an independent consultant in structural engineering in Ecuador (Adstren). Dr. Lantsoght is an active member of the technical committees of the Transportation Research Board in Concrete Bridges (AFF-30) and Testing and Evaluation of Transportation Structures (AFF-40), a member of the technical committees of the American Concrete Institute and Deutscher Ausschuß für Stahlbeton Shear Databases (ACI-DAfStb-445-D), and the joint ACI-ASCE (American Society of Civil Engineers) committee on Design of Reinforced Concrete Slabs (ACI-ASCE 421), and an associate member of the committees on Evaluation of Concrete Bridges and Concrete Bridge Elements (ACI 342), on Shear and Torsion (ACI-ASCE 445), and on Strength Evaluation of Existing Concrete Structures (ACI 437). In the academic field, Dr. Lantsoght is a full professor at the Universidad San Francisco de Quito (Quito, Ecuador) and a researcher at Technische Universiteit Delft (Delft, Netherlands). Her field of research is the design and analysis of concrete structures and analysis of existing bridges.