Introduction. List of abbreviations. 1. Verb aspects 2. -a? and -i? verbs: present tense consonant changes 3. Comparisons: adjectives in -er and -est 4. Present tense of -n?? verbs 5. Short-stem non-wa? verbs: padding with 'j' (present) 6. Comparisons: adverbs with 'more' and 'most' 7. Past tense of most imperfective verbs; movable person suffixes 8. Past tense of imperfective verbs in -e? and -n?? 9. Past tense of double imperfective verbs 10. Short-stem verbs in -?? and -c (present, past) 11. Modal verbs musie?, chcie?, wole? (present, past); because, since 12. Past tense of perfective verbs (prefixed); when(ever), as soon as 13. Past tense of perfective verbs (stem-changed) 14. 'Can': móc, potrafi?, umie? (present, past) 15. Past tense of perfective verbs in -?? and -n?? 16. Unusual verb pairs; polite commands with Prosz? 17. Higher numbers and dates 18. Future with by? - imperfective verbs; time expressions 19. Future without by? - perfective verbs; gdy, jak 20. Informal commands 21. Commands with niech; -? & -kolwiek; vocative case 22. Verbs made from i?? (past, future) 23. Verbs from i?? & chodzi? (commands); concessions 24. Modal verbs powinienem & mie? (present, past) 25. How verbal prefixes change meaning; direction to/from 26. Six very precise verbs 27. Simple conditions & wishes; je?li/je?eli, mo?e 28. Conditions with 'I would if'; avoiding ambiguity 29. Modal verbs (future, conditional); ?eby; else 30. Impersonal verbs (present); cause and result 31. Impersonal verbs (past, future, conditional) 32. Si? to translate 'one' and 'you' 33. Impersonal wida?, s?ycha?, czu?, zna? 34. Present adverbial participle in -?c (while -ing) 35. Past adverbial participle in - wszy & ?szy (having ...) 36. Indefinite numbers; -ka nouns from numbers 37. Relative pronoun który; adjectives used as nouns 38. Present adjectival participle (active) - imperfective verbs 39. Present adjectival participles (passive) - imperfective verbs 4
