Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology The Science of Pollution, Fourth Edition

An integrated analysis exploring current and relevant concepts, Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology: The Science of Pollution, Fourth Edition extends the dialogue further from the previous editions and beyond conventional ecosystems. It explores landscape, regional, and biospheric topics, communicating core concepts with subjects ranging from molecular to global issues. It addresses the increasing growth and complexity of ecotoxicological problems, contains additional vignettes, and employs input from a variety of experts in the field. Divided into 14 chapters, the book begins with an overall history of the field. It details the essential features of the key contaminants of concern today, including their sources. It examines bioaccumulation, the effects of contaminants at increasing levels of ecological organization, and the regulatory aspects of the field addressing the technical issues of risk assessment. The author includes appendices illustrating important environmental laws and regulations, and compiles key terms not already identified by section headings in the glossary. He also provides suggested readings at the end of each chapter and presents study questions at the end of the book. Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology: The Science of Pollution, Fourth Edition contains a broad overview of ecotoxicology, and provides a basic understanding of the field. Designed as a textbook for use in introductory graduate or upper-level undergraduate courses in ecotoxicology, applied ecology, environmental pollution, and environmental science, it can also be used as a general reference for practicing environmental toxicologists.

Introduction Historic Need for Ecotoxicology Current Need for Ecotoxicology Expertise Ecotoxicology Ecotoxicology: A Synthetic Science Summary Suggested Readings Major Classes of Contaminants Introduction Major Classes of Contaminants Summary Background Chemistry Concepts and Definitions Suggested Readings Uptake, Biotransformation, Detoxification, Elimination, and Accumulation Introduction Uptake Biotransformation and Detoxification Elimination Accumulation Summary Suggested Readings Factors Influencing Bioaccumulation Introduction Chemical Qualities Influencing Bioavailability Biological Qualities Influencing Bioaccumulation Summary Suggested Readings Bioaccumulation from Food and Trophic Transfer Introduction Quantifying Bioaccumulation from Food Inorganic Contaminants Organic Compounds Summary Suggested Readings Molecular Effects and Biomarkers Introduction Organic Compound Detoxification Metallothioneins Stress Proteins Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Response DNA Modification Enzyme Dysfunction and Substrate Pool Shifts Summary Suggested Readings Cells, Tissues, and Organs Introduction General Cytotoxicity and Histopathology Gene and Chromosome Damage Cancer Gills as an Example Liver as an Example Summary Suggested Readings Sublethal Effects to Individuals General Selyean Stress Growth Development Reproduction Physiology Immunology Behavior Detecting Sublethal Effects Summary Suggested Readings Acute and Chronic Lethal Effects to Individuals General Dose–Response Survival Time Factors Influencing Lethality Summary Suggested Readings Effects on Populations Overview Epidemiology Population Dynamics and Demography Metapopulations Population Genetics Suggested Readings Effects to Communities and Ecosystems Overview Interactions Involving Two or a Few Species Community Qualities Ecosystem Qualities Summary Suggested Readings Landscape to Global Effects General Landscapes and Regions Continents and Hemispheres Biosphere Summary Suggested Readings Risk Assessment of Contaminants Overview Human Risk Assessment Ecological Risk Assessment Radiation Risk Assessment Conclusion Suggested Readings Conclusions Overview Practical Importance of Ecotoxicology Scientific Importance of Ecotoxicology Appendices Study Questions Glossary References

Michael C. Newman is a current professor of marine science at the College of William & Mary, Virginia Institute of Marine Science. His research interests include quantitative ecotoxicology, environmental statistics, risk assessment, population effects of contaminants, metal chemistry and effects, and bioaccumulation and biomagnification modeling. In addition to roughly 145 articles, he authored six books and edited another six on these topics. In 2004, the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry awarded him its Founder’s Award, "the highest SETAC award, given to a person with an outstanding career who has made a clearly identifiable contribution in the environmental sciences."