From Laboratory Spectroscopy to Remotely Sensed Spectra of Terrestrial Ecosystems

Remote sensing of the environment is covered through spectroscopic analysis of soil and vegetation response during active and passive sensing. Fundamental aspects of spectroscopic methods for environmental applications are given. Applications range from remote sensing of saline soils, soil moisture detection, landscape evolution, weed detection, fluorescence imaging, and use of vegetation indices to measure ecosystem variables such as plant stress.

1. Spectroscopy of Salts Common in Saline Soils.- 2. Microwave Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture.- 3. Possible Application of Laser Light Scattering.- 4. Scattering (Mueller) Matrices and Experimental Determination of Matrix Elements.- 5. Application of the T-matrix Method to Light Scattering from a Leaf.- 6. Landscape Indication Based on Stochastic Relaxation.- 7. Neural Network Method in Plant Spectral Recognition.- 8. Carbon Sequestration from Remotely-Sensed NDVI and Net Ecosystem Exchange.- 9. Remote Sensing of Weed Canopies.- 10.Detecting Chlorophyll Fluorescence From Orbit: the Fraunhofer Line Depth Model.- 11. Remote Sensing of Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence from Vegetation Hyperspectral Reflectance and Radiative Transfer Simulation.- 12. General Spectral Characteristics of Leaf Reflectance Responses to Plant Stress and their Manifestation at the Landscape Scale.