SEXUAL CRIMES AND UNUSUAL SEXUAL PRACTICES—AN OVERVIEW Introduction Definitions What is Normal Sexual Behavior? Sex and Gender Intersexuality Sexual Orientation Nonstandard Genders Gender Role and Gender Identity Sexual Identity Sexual Minority Sex Addiction Objective Criteria of Sexual Deviation Historical perspectives DSM Classification of paraphilia International Classification of Diseases (ICD) Other classifications Sadoff’s classification Rosenham and Seligman’s Classification Freund, Seto, and Kuban’s Classificatio John Money’s Classification (1) Sacrificial Paraphilias (2) Predatory Paraphilias (3) Mercantile Paraphilias (4) Fetishistic Paraphilias (5) Eligibility Paraphilias (6) Allurement Paraphilias Freeman’s Classification Shaffer and Penn’s Classification Miscellaneous Classifications Precontact and Contact Paraphilias Consensual and Nonconsensual Paraphilias Etiology Voluntary Choice Freud’s Libido Theory Biological Theories Frontal and Temporal Lobe Lesions Hippocampal Pathology Neurodevelopmental or environmental stressors Monoamine Hypothesis Head Injury Conditioning and Imprinting Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning IRMs and Imprinting John Money’s Lovemap theory How are Lovemaps Formed? Vandalized Lovemaps Miscellaneous Theories Epidemiology Prevalence and Incidence Combinations Age Sex Race Mortality/Morbidity Relationship with Alcohol and Drugs Co-existence with Other Disorders Other Significant Features Sex offenders Offender characteristics Clinical and laboratory assessment of paraphiliacs and sex offenders Clinical Interview Behavioral Assessment and Measurement Psycho-physiological Assessment Penile Plethysmography or Phallometry Polygraph Assessments Visual Reaction Time Pupillometry Management Pharmacological treatment Antiandrogens Miscellaneous Drugs Paraphilic prevention PEDOPHILIA AND CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE Introduction Proponents of Pedophilia Historical perspectives Pedophilia v. Child molestation and Child sexual abuse Etiology Biological Theories The Role of Hormones Fronto-temporal Disorders Neurodevelopmental Perturbations Miscellaneous Brain Anomalies Unfulfilled Sexual Needs Conditioning Miscellaneous Causes Prevalence and incidence Satanism and Ritual Sex Abuse Offender characteristics Victim characteristics Sequelae Diagnosis/Investigation Medical Examination Management Legal Aspects HIV/STDs and Child Sexual Abuse Recovered Memory Legal Provisions against child sexual abuse in some select jurisdictions Australia Western Australia The Northern Territory New South Wales Canada Germany United Kingdom USA Arkansas California TRANSVESTIC FETISHISM Introduction Classification Class I Transvestites Class II Transvestites Class III Transvestites Class IV Transvestites Class V Transvestites Historical perspectives Transvestism in Prehistory, Legend, and Mythology Greco-Roman Era The Case of Chevalier d’Eon Modern Era Etiology Psychoanalytic Theories Biological Theories Iatrogenesis Epidemiology Prevalence and Incidence Other Significant Characteristics Management Legal Aspects Suicide by Transvestites United States Transvestism and Disability Law Endnotes EXHIBITIONISM Introduction Historical perspectives Medieval Times Behaviors mimicking Exhibitionism Anasyrma Candaulism Mooning Nudism Streaking Zoophilic Exhibitionism Exhibitionism or Indecent Exposure? Etiology Courtship Disorder Theory Biological Factors Conditioning Psychoanalytical Theories Classification Class I Exhibitionists: Fantasizing Exhibitionists Class II Exhibitionists: Pure Exhibitionists Class III Exhibitionists: Exhibitionistic Criminals Class IV Exhibitionists: Exclusive Exhibitionists Prevalence Offender characteristics Onset Association with Gilles de la Tourette’s Syndrome Family Background Female Exhibitionists Exhibitionism and Pedophilia Management Legal Aspects Australia The Northern Territory Queensland Canada China Germany Hungary Iceland India Japan New Zealand Romania Sweden United Kingdom United States Alabama Alaska Arkansas California Iowa Rhode Island Wisconsin Endnotes FETISHISM Introduction Partialism Historical perspectives Etiology Classic Conditioning Operant Conditioning Psychoanalytical Theories Biological Theories Phylogenetic Considerations Frontal and Temporal Lobe Lesions Neuronal Cross-links Genetic Factors Miscellaneous Explanations Prevalence Animal models of fetishistic behavior Offender characteristics Classification Class I Fetishists: Desirers Class II Fetishists: Cravers Class III Fetishists: Moderate Level Fetishists Class IV Fetishists: High Level Fetishists Types of fetishes Fetish Subculture Garment Fetishism Shoes Diaper Leather and Latex Second Skin Fetishism Management Legal Aspects Canada India UK Endnotes VOYEURISM Introduction Historical perspectives Etiology Conditioning Classification Class I Voyeurs: Pseudovoyeurs Class II Voyeurs: Opportunistic Voyeurs Class III Voyeurs: Computer Voyeurs Class IV Voyeurs: Video Voyeurs Class V Voyeurs: Classical Voyeurs Class VI Voyeurs: Criminal Voyeurs Prevalence Variations of voyeurism Video Voyeurism Downblousing Upskirting Zoophilic Voyeurism Offender characteristics Management Legal Aspects Australia Queensland Canada India United Kingdom United States Video Voyeurism Voyeurism and Disability Law Arkansas Indiana Rhode Island Washington Endnotes SEXUAL MASOCHISM Introduction Historical perspectives Flagellation as a Masochistic Practice Modern Era Etiology Biological theories Endorphins Dopamine Evolutionary Theories Sexual Torture as Enhancer of Fertility Pain as Enhancer of Immune System Psychoanalytical Theories Prevalence Characteristics Classification Class I Sexual Masochists Class II Sexual Masochists Class III Sexual Masochists Class IV Sexual Masochists Legal Aspects Validity of Consent R v. Coney (1882) R. v. Donovan (1934) Reg. v. McCoy (1953) People v. Samuels (1967) When is the Consent to Suffer Bodily Harm Legally Valid? Why is Consent to Suffer Bodily Harm in S/M Activities Not Valid? R. v. Brown ([1993] 2 All England Law Reports 75) Operation Spanner Rulings by the Lower Courts and House of Lords Laskey, Jaggard, and Brown v. United Kingdom, 24 Eur. H.R. Rep. 39 (1997) Aftermath Other Illustrative Cases R v. Wilson (1996 Norway SEXUAL SADISM Introduction Sadism and Masochism Sadism Directed Towards Specific Groups Anal, Oral and Phallic Sadism Sexual Sadism Contrasted with Sadism Historical perspectives India China Rome Middle Ages Modern Era Etiology Early Speculations Brain Abnormalities Endocrine Abnormalities Other Factors Prevalence Offender characteristics Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Co-existence with Other Paraphilias Disturbances in Gender Identity Narcissism Classification Class I Sexual Sadists Class II Sexual Sadists Class III Sexual Sadists Class IV Sexual Sadists Types of Sadistic Behavior Legal Aspects Commonwealth v. Appleby (1980) Iowa v. Collier (1985) People v. Jovanovic (1999) Norway Endnotes FROTTEURISM Introduction Frotteurism v. Molestation Frotteurism v. Frottage Zoophilic Frotteurism Chikan Historical perspectives Etiology Classification Class I Frotteurs: Fantasizing Frotteurs Class II Frotteurs: Consensual Frotteurs Class III Frotteurs: Romantic Frotteurs Class IV Frotteurs: Exclusive Frotteurs Epidemiology Offender characteristics Case Law State Of Iowa v. Timothy Hodges (2004) Legal Aspects Australia Western Australia New South Wales China Iceland India Malaysia Romania USA Alabama Arkansas Washington Wisconsin Endnotes Appendix 1– Ages of Consent for Sexual Intercourse in Different Countries Notes on U.S. laws Endnotes RAPE Introduction Historical perspectives Etiology of rape and rapist typology Incidence Offender characteristics Rape Index Use of coercion Use of deception and fraud Sexual Intercourse Presented as a Genuine Treatment Sexual Intercourse Presented as Genuine Treatment Ambiguously Sexual Touching Impersonation Sexual Scams Sexual Theft Other Issues Involving Consent Mens Rea Sexual Intercourse with
