Follicle Stimulating Hormone Regulation of Secretion and Molecular Mechanisms of Action

The chapters in this book represent presentations at the first meeting ever held on the regulation and actions of follicle stimulating hormone. The meeting took place on the campus of Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, from October 25 to 28, 1990. The idea for this meeting was conceived by Neena B. Schwartz, and the valuable advice of the organizing committee contributed greatly to its scientific success. We gratefully acknowledge the funding and coordination of this meeting by Serono Symposia, USA. We also wish to acknowledge the financial contributions made by Northwestern University. We especially thank the invited speakers, poster presenters, and discussion participants who pro­ vided the science, interest, and enthusiasm that made this meeting on FSH a success. MARY HUNZICKER-DUNN NEENA B. SCHWARTZ vii Contents Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv 1. An Overview of FSH Regulation and Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ULRIKE LUDERER AND NEENA B. SCHWARTZ Part I. Neuroendocrinology of FSH Secretion 2. Modulation of Gonadotropin Secretion by Proteins of the Inhibin Family: Studies in the Female Rat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 CATHERINE RIVIER AND WYLIE V ALE 3. Control of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Secretion in the Male Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 TONY M. PLANT 4. The Physiology of Puberty in Seasonally Breeding Birds . . . . . . . . . . . 54 BRIAN K. FOLLETT 5. Hypothalamic Regulation of FSH Secretion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 JON E. LEVINE, LISA A. CONAGHAN, ULRIKE LUDERER, AND FRANK J. STROBL 6. Photoperiodic Control of Reproduction in Male Hamsters: Role of FSH in Early Stages of Photo stimulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 FRED W. TUREK AND NEENA B.

1. An Overview of FSH Regulation and Action.- I. Neuroendocrinology of FSH Secretion.- 2. Modulation of Gonadotropin Secretion by Proteins of the Inhibin Family: Studies in the Female Rat.- 3. Control of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Secretion in the Male Rhesus Monkey (Macaca mulatta).- 4. The Physiology of Puberty in Seasonally Breeding Birds.- 5. Hypothalamic Regulation of FSH Secretion.- 6. Photoperiodic Control of Reproduction in Male Hamsters: Role of FSH in Early Stages of Photostimulation.- 7. Light Regulates c-fos Gene Expression in the Hamster SCN: Implications for Circadian and Seasonal Control of Reproduction.- II. Synthesis and Secretion of FSH: Molecular Regulation.- 8. Estradiol Inhibition of Expression of the Human Glycoprotein Hormone ?-Subunit Gene Through an ERE-Independent Mechanism.- 9. Expression of Recombinant Human FSH, LH, and CG in Mammalian Cells: A Model for Probing Functional Determinants.- 10. Glycoprotein Hormone Receptors: A Particular Class of G-Protein-Coupled Receptors.- III. Molecular Mechanisms of FSH Action in the Ovary.- 11. Diverse Mechanisms Regulating Gene Expression in Granulosa Cells.- 12. FSH Regulation of cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Regulatory Subunits in Rat and Porcine Ovarian Tissues.- 13. Regulation of Ovarian Inhibin and Activin Gene Expression by Gonadotropins.- 14. Gonadotropin Regulation of Apolipoprotein E Production by Steroidogenic Cells.- 15. Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Their Binding Proteins: Ovarian Modulators of FSH Action.- 16. Regulation of the LH/CG Receptor by Gonadotropins.- 17. Recombinant FSH and Regulation of Ovulation.- IV. Molecular Mechanisms of FSH Action in the Testis.- 18. FSH Actions on Sertoli Cell Secretions in Stationary and Superfused Cultures.- 19. Cell-Cell Interactions that Influence FSH Regulation of Testis Function.- 20. The Changing Functions of Follicle Stimulating Hormone in the Testes of Prenatal, Newborn, Immature, and Adult Rats.- 21. Novel Testicular Products of the Human SHBG/ABP Gene.- V. Clinical Implications of FSH and Gonadal Peptide Secretion.- 22. Follicle Stimulating Hormone and the Control of Spermatogenesis and Inhibin Secretion in Men.- 23. Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Pulse Patterns in the Regulation of FSH Secretion.- 24. Hypergonadotropic Forms of Amenorrhea.- 25. Use of Purified FSH for In Vitro Fertilization in Humans.- VI. Poster Presentation Manuscripts.- 26. Regulation of Follicle Stimulating Hormone Secretion by Natural and Synthetic Corticosteroids.- 27. Modulation by Vitamin D3 of Action of FSH on the Sertoli Cells in Immature Siberian Hamsters Raised in Long or Short Photoperiod.- 28. Probing Human Follicle Stimulating Hormone with Monoclonal Antibodies and Synthetic Peptides.- 29. Prostate—An Extrapituitary Source of Follicle Stimulating Hormone.- 30. Biological Activities of Recombinant Human Follicle Stimulating Hormone.- 31. Purification and Characterization of Recombinant Human Follicle Stimulating Hormone.- 32. Purification and Biological Activities of Isoforms of Human FSH.- 33. Expression of FSH and LH Receptor mRNAs in the Rat Ovary.- 34. Regulation of Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) Binding Sites in Rat Granulosa Cells by Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH).- 35. FSH and LH Stimulation of Granulosa Cell Prodynorphin Gene Expression Abolished by Overexpression of a Nonfunctional Mutant of the RI Subunit of Protein Kinase A.- 36. Effects of Specific FSH Deprivation on Testicular Germ Cell Transformations and on LDH-X and Hyaluronidase Activity of Immature and Adult Rats.- 37. Modulation of Gonadotropin and Sex Steroid Levels by Adrenal Androgens with Osmotic Pumps.- 38. Basal Gonadotropins in Regularly Menstruating Women: Age-Related Changes in Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Prior to the Perimenopause.- 39. Effect of the LH:FSH Ratio in the Late Luteal Phase on Follicular Growth of the Next Menstrual Cycle.- 40. Secretion Pattern of FSH in Patients Suffering from Chorionic Gonadotropin-Producing Tumors.- 41. Progesterone Effects on FSH Secretion in Estrogen-Treated Normal Men.- Author Index.