Energy Efficiency Improvements in Electronic Motors and Drives

The 1997 Kyoto Conference defined CO2 emISSIOn targets for the developed regions of the world. The EU target of decreasing the emissions 8% below the 1990 level, by 2010, will require a very substantial effort covering basically all activities if such a target is to be reached. Energy-efficient motor systems can provide one of the most important opportunities to achieve electricity savings in a cost effective way, avoiding at the same time the emission of tens of millions of tons of carbon. The reduction of energy consumption through improvements in energy efficiency is one of the major instruments for developed and developing countries to meet the Kyoto commitments. Energy efficiency is also a key element of the European Union (EU) energy policy, since it improves the efficiency of the economy, increases energy supply security, and decreases harmful emissions due to electricity generation. Electric motor systems use over half of all electricity consumed in developed countries. Typically about 70% of the electricity which is used in the industrial sector and about 35% of the electricity used in the commercial sector in the EU is consumed by motor systems. In industry, a motor on average consumes an annual quantity of electricity which corresponds to approximately 5 times its purchase price, throughout its whole life of around 12 to 20 years.

Introduction: H.-J. Jähne: Energy Efficiency in a Competitive Economy.- R. Hamilton: Ethics & Answers: Engineering Efficiency for a Sustainable Future.- Technology Developments: D. Jackson: Integration of Motors and Drives.- T. Haring: Design of Motors for Inverter Operation.- D. Peters, J. Cowie, E. Brush: Die Casting Copper Motor Rotors: Mold Materials and Processing for Cost-Effective Manufacturing.- A. von Jouanne, B. Banerjee: Review of the System Compatibility and Ride-through Options for AC and DC Drives Including Multilevel Inverters.- T. Sawa, K. Hamada: Introduction to the Permanent Magnet Motor Market.- P. Caselotti, A. Conchetto, P. Tavner: High Efficiency Motors - Performance, Economy & Reliability, by Optimisation.- K. Dabala: The Influence of Selected Losses Components on Induction Squirrel-Cage Motor Efficiency.- H. Jussi, P. Juha, A. Jarmo: Inverter Fed High-Speed Solid-Rotor Induction Motors for Industrial Applications.- M. Bitchkov, N. Ilinski, V. Sementchuk: Switched Reluctance Drive for Mass Application.- B. Beck, D. Friesen: The Written-Pole Motor: High Efficiency - Low Start Current.- S. Garvey: Motor and Drive Integration with Passive Components Realised Using the Stator Core.- F. Abrahamsen, F. Blaabjerg, J. Pedersen: Efficiency Improvement of Variable Speed Electrical Drives for HVAC Applications.- A. Boglietti, M. Lazzari, M. Pastorelli: Higher Efficiency Drive for Fluid Treatments.- Motor System Characterisation and Applications: A. De Almeida, P. Fonseca: Characterisation of EU Motor Use.- D. Walters: Minimising Efficiency Loss Caused by Motor Rewinds.- L. Mukka, B. Engström: Improving Efficiency in Motor Driven Systems - The Iron Ore Industry.- W. Cory: Optimising Fan Systems for Energy Efficiency.- H. Auinger:Energy Optimized Drive Systems Design.- A. Mckane: Using Collaboration to Achieve Industrial Market Change.- Pump Design and Applications: G. Hovstadius: Pump Systems Effectiveness.- I. Metcalf: Driver Selection Matched to Demand: A Consideration for Maximising Lifecycle Costs by Using the Correct Driver.- N. Thorup: Environmental Impact Assessment (LCA) Energy and Re-cycling for a Circulator.- D. Reeves, H. Falkner: Promoting the Purchase of More Efficient Pumps, A SAVE Study.- I. Sintonen: On Site Testing.- H. Pedersen: SQ - Submersible Pump with Integrated Permanent Magnet Motor Drive.- Test Methods for Induction Motors: S. Williamson, H. Sambath: Induction Motor Efficiency Measurement.- J. Kline: Experience Factors When Testing for Efficiency and Correlating Results with Design.- J. Haataja, J. Pyrhönen: Approaching the Truth in Induction Motor Efficiency.- H. Auinger: Precise Efficiency Data for Electric Motors - an Illusion?.- E. Ogonowska-Schweitzer: Calorimetric Method to Measure Total Losses of the Induction Motor.- K. Bradley, A. Ferrah, R. Magill, P. Mcleod, J. Clare, P. Wheeler, P. Sewell: Precision Calorimetry for Stray Load Determination.- P. Sandholdt, E. Ritchie, J. Pederson: A Test and Measurement System for Test of Electrical Drive Systems.- P. Van Roy, B. Slaets, K. Hameyer, R. Belmans: Induction Motor Efficiency Standards.- Policies: P. Bertoldi, G. Kuehnemund: The European Negotiated Agreement to Improve Motor Efficiency.- A. Balducci: EPAct Legislation - The United States Experience of Minimum Efficiency Standards for Induction Motors.- N. Glew: The Challenge to Define the New IEC Test Method.- P. Scheihing, M. Rosenberg, S. Weil: Evaluating the Impact of a Government-Sponsored Motor Driven System