Correlated Interplanetary and Magnetospheric Observations Proceedings of the Seventh ESLAB Symposium Held at Saulgau, W. Germany, 22–25 May, 1973

The 1969 ESLAB symposium 'Intercorrelated Satellite Observations Related to Solar Events' was held at a time when the importance of bringing together measure­ ments made simultaneously in different regions of space was beginning to be appreciated. To-day it is universally accepted that the major experimental steps forward in understanding the physics of the Sun-Earth relationships are likely to be made through pre-planned correlated satellite studies. Such considerations have led to the organisation of the International Magnetospheric Study and the joint ESROj NASA International Magnetospheric Explorer, (Mother-Daughter-Heliocentric) mission. The seventh ESLAB symposium was planned as a follow up to that of 1969 with the aim of deriving maximum benefit from those spacecraft which through good fortune found themselves simultaneously operating in different regions of the magnetosphere and interplanetary space. ESRO had launched in early 1972 its HEOS-2 satellite to investigate fields and particles in the unexplored region far above the North pole of the Earth and it became clear that the interesting new results arriving from that mission could profitably be linked with those from various American and the U.S.S.R. PROGNOZ satellites. The book follows the order of the symposium (unfortunately the PROGNOZ contribution did not materialise) concentrating, through both review lectures and of new experimental results, on the nature of the boundaries between the presentation the interplanetary medium and the magnetosphere and the interaction of each region on the other.

1. Response of the Magnetosphere to Changes in the Interplanetary Medium.- The Solar Wind and Magnetospheric Dynamics.- Interplanetary Control of Magnetospheric Dynamics.- The Relation between the Azimuthal Component of the Interplanetary Magnetic Field and the Geomagnetic Field in the Polar Caps.- Interplanetary Magnetic Field Direction and Auroral Zone Disturbances.- 2. The Nature of Magnetospheric Boundaries.- The Magnetospheric Boundary.- Magnetospheric Boundaries and Fields.- A Self Consistent Theory of the Magnetotail.- OGO-5 Observations of the Magnetopause.- Energetic Electrons at the Magnetopause.- Polar Magnetopause Distance.- A Study of Magnetospheric Boundaries by the Simultaneous Observations of Solar and Magnetospheric Particles.- The Earth’s Bow Shock Fine Structure.- Proton Fluxes Upstream from the Earth’s Bow Shock.- HEOS 2 in Relation to Earlier Polar Cusp Measurements.- ULF Measurements at the Polar Cusp.- Plasma Observations in the High-Latitude Magnetosphere.- 3. Magnetospheric Plasma Flow and Electric Fields.- The Magnetospheric Electric Field.- Magnetospheric Plasma Flow and the Nature of the Magnetospheric Boundary Layer.- The Convergence of Fact and Theory on Magnetospheric Convection.- Particles and Plasmas in the Earth’s Magnetotail at 60 RE.- Magnetospheric Plasma Flow and Electric Fields Derived from Whistler Observations.- Electric Field Measurements at the Geostationary Position.- 4. Solar Particle Propagation in the Interplanetary Medium.- Observations of Solar Particle Propagation.- The Value of Multi-Spacecraft Measurements.- 5. Solar Particle Entry to the Earth.- Solar Particle Access into the Inner Magnetosphere.- Energetic Solar Particle Access into the Geomagnetic Tail.- On a Model of Propagation of 5–300 MeV Protons in theEarth Magnetic Cavity. The Role of Neutral and Plasma Sheets.- Comparisons of Solar Proton Trajectory Computations Using Model Magnetospheres.- Solar Electron Access to the Magnetosphere.- Simultaneous Observations of Proton and Alpha Fluxes During the Period 29 October–3 November 1972.- Initial Observations of Magnetospheric Boundaries by Explorer 45(S3).- Measurements of Solar Protons in the Near Earth Magnetotail.- 6. The August 1972 Solar Events.- Gamma Ray Observations during the August 1972 Solar Activity.- Time Profiles and Photon Spectra of Solar Hard X-rays.- Pioneer Solar Plasma and Magnetic Field Measurements in Interplanetary Space during August 2–17, 1972.- Observation of Interplanetary Shocks on August 4, 1972.- Relation of Coronal Magnetic Structure to the Interplanetary Proton Events of August 2–9, 1972.- MeV Electrons, Protons and Alpha Particles Observed August 2–12, 1972.- Solar Particle Observations During the August 1972 Event.- Interplanetary Particle Fluxes Observed by OV5-6 Satellite.- Temporal Variations of Solar Particle Spectra (August 4–7, 1972).- Polar Riometer Absorption Data August 1–16, 1972.- 7. Future Study Topics.- Solar Activity and the Weather.- The Jovian Radiation Belt.- The Design and Development of a Space Laboratory to Conduct Magnetospheric and Plasma Research.