Antimicrobial Therapies Methods and Protocols

Antimicrobial resistance will become a global health threat since antimicrobial treatments continue at the forefront of the defense against microbial infections. To respond to the issue, this detailed book explores vital methodologies currently in use to advance our understanding of antibiotic issues and answer the worldwide demand for novel antibiotics therapies. Beginning with a review chapter that guides the reader through the worldwide demand for novel antibiotics therapies, the volume continues with sections covering new screening procedures and environmental sources, advances in analytical, microbiological, and biotechnological methodologies, antibiotic production and antibiotic resistances, as well as considerations of drug trials and clinical concerns regarding multi-resistant patients. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. 

Part I: General Overview

 

1. Worldwide Clinical Demand for Antibiotics: Is It a Real Countdown?

            Carlos Barreiro and José-Luis Barredo

 

Part II: Antibiotic Screening

 

2. Collection, Extraction, and In Vitro Antibacterial Evaluation of Plants Used in Traditional Medicine

            François Chassagne and Cassandra Leah Quave

 

3. Microbial Isolation and Characterization of New Antibiotic-Producer Strains from Decayed Wood

            Óscar Velasco-Rodríguez, Mariana Fil, Laura García-Calvo, Katarina Kosalková, and Carlos Barreiro

 

4. Characterization of Extremophilic Actinomycetes Strains as Sources of Antimicrobial Agents

            Diyora Abdukhakimova, Zhannur Markhametova, Saikal Shamkeeva, Ainur Zhulamanova, Lyudmila Trenozhnikova, Vladimir Berezin, and Azliyati Azizan

 

5. Dilution-To-Extinction Platform for the Isolation of Marine Bacteria Producing Antitumor Compounds

            Xulio Benítez, Jesús García, Elena G. González, and Fernando de la Calle

 

Part III: Methodologies

 

6. Screening Systems for Stable Markerless Genomic Deletions/Integrations in Streptomyces Species

            Jan Kormanec, Bronislava Rezuchova, and Renata Novakova

 

7. Antibacterial Assay in a Screening Project

            Francisco Romero and Antonio Fernández

 

8. Screening of Antibiotic Gene Clusters in Microorganisms Isolated from Wood

            Mariana Fil, Óscar Velasco-Rodríguez, Laura García-Calvo, Alberto Sola-Landa, and Carlos Barreiro

 

9. Methods in Screening Antiviral Drugs Against Enterovirus 71

            Nadia Abubakar Omar Abubakar Bajaber and Babu Ramanathan

 

10. High-Efficiency Electroporation for Genetic Improvement of Fungal Strains

            Jessica Cruz-Ramón, Francisco J. Fernández, and Francisco Fierro

 

11. Penicillium chrysogenum Fermentation and Analysis of Benzylpenicillin by Bioassay and HPLC

            Katarina Kosalková, Isabel-Clara Sánchez-Orejas, Laura Cueto, and Carlos García-Estrada

 

12. Screening Fermentation and Extract Generation

            Francisco Romero and Antonio Fernández

 

13. A Simple Antifungal Assay for Testing Actinomycetes and Other Microbial Extracts

            María A. Vinuesa and Antonio Fernández

 

14. A User Guide for the Identification of New RiPP Biosynthetic Gene Clusters Using a RiPPER-Based Workflow

            Alaster D. Moffat, Javier Santos-Aberturas, Govind Chandra, and Andrew W. Truman

 

15. Novel Methods to Identify Oxidative Stress-Producing Antibiotics

            Álvaro Mourenza, José A. Gil, Luís M. Mateos, and Michal Letek

 

16. Coupled Transcriptomics for Differential Expression Analysis and Determination of Transcription Start Sites: Design and Bioinformatics

            Antonio Rodríguez-García, Alberto Sola-Landa, and Rosario Pérez-Redondo

 

17. High Throughput Screening Assays for Dengue Antiviral Drug Development

            Shobana Gabriel Jabanathan, Low Zhao Xuan, and Babu Ramanathan

 

18. Molecular Biology Methods in Streptomyces rimosus, a Producer of Oxytetracycline

            Lucija Slemc, Špela Pikl, Hrvoje Petkovic, and Martina Avbelj

 

Part IV: Antibiotic Production

 

19. Production, Detection, Extraction, and Quantification of Polyene Antibiotics

            Eva G. Barreales and Jesús F. Aparicio

 

20. Strain Improvement Program of Streptomyces roseosporus for Daptomycin Production

            Sara Rubio, Sonia Martínez-Cámara, Juan Luis de la Fuente, Marta Rodríguez-Sáiz, and José-Luis Barredo

 

Part V: Antibiotic Resistance

 

21. Comparative Metabolomics Revealing the Metabolic Responses of Pathogenic Bacteria to Different Antibiotics

            Fouad Choueiry, Xiaowei Sun, and Jiangjiang Zhu

 

22. Proteomic Analysis of Antibiotic Susceptibility in Enterobacteriaceae

            Sarah L. Keasey, Bryan M. Zhao, Robert G. Ulrich, and Moo-Jin Suh

 

23. Measurement of the Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis Drug Effect and Prediction of the Clinical Dose-Response Relationship Using Intracellular Pharmacodynamic Modeling (PD_i)

            Samantha Donnellan, Carmen Martínez-Rodríguez, Ghaith Aljayyoussi, and Giancarlo A. Biagini

 

Part VI: Market

 

24. Clinical Drug Trials: The Path to the Patient

            Cristina Diez Pascual

 

25. Antibiotics Therapy in the Multi-Resistant Patient

            Marta María Blanco-Nistal and Jesús Antonio Fernández-Fernández