Ammonia and Low Carbon Combustion Engine Technologies for De-Fossilizing Transport Sector

This book explores the potential of ammonia (NH3) as a next-generation fuel for achieving Net Zero emissions in the transport and power sectors. With increasing regulatory pressure to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions, industries are seeking non-carbonaceous energy sources. Ammonia, with its carbon-free molecular structure, offers a promising alternative, but challenges such as high auto-ignition temperature, slow chemical kinetics, and combustion efficiency must be addressed. This book presents state-of-the-art research on ammonia-fueled internal combustion engines (ICEs), emission characteristics, and combustion enhancement techniques. It covers critical risk factors for ammonia-fueled marine diesel engines, safety considerations, pre-chamber ignition for lean combustion, and advanced optical techniques for soot characterization in fuel spray flames. By providing insights into cutting-edge developments, this book serves as a valuable resource for researchers, engineers, and industry professionals working toward sustainable and low-carbon combustion technologies.

Chapter 1: Identification of Critical Equipment and System-based Risk Factors of an Ammonia-fueled Marine Diesel Engine.- Chapter 2: Current Challenges and State-Of-The-Art Reviews of Ammonia Fueled ICEs.- Chapter 3: A Critical Review on the Emission Characteristics of Ammonia Fuelled Engine.- Chapter 4: Liquid and Gaseous Fuel Characteristics for its usability in IC Engine and its Performance Investigation.- Chapter 5: Decoding the Challenge of Ammonia Combustion: A Hybrid Approach considering CFD & AI.- Chapter 6: Development of a Kinetic Mechanism for Ammonia blended Combustion and Its Application in a CFD Study of a Micro Gas Turbine Combustor.- Chapter 7: State-of-The-Art Review on Ammonia-Based Diesel Engines.- Chapter 8: Ammonia Fueled Spark Ignition and Compression Ignition Engines.- Chapter 9: Safety Aspects of Ammonia Utilization for Internal Combustion Engine.- Chapter 10: Fundamentals of Ammonia combustion.- Chapter 11: Prechamber Ignition System for Lean Combustion in a Spark Ignition Engine.- Chapter 12: Recent Applications of Optical Technique for Soot Characterization in Fuel Spray Flames.

Mr. Hardikk Valera is a PhD scholar at the Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IITK). He has completed his M.Tech. from the National Institute of Technology Jalandhar (India) and B.Tech. from Ganpat University. His research interests include methanol-fueled SI engines, methanol-fueled CI engines, spray characterization, and emission control from engines. He has published 15 peer-reviewed international journal papers and 02 international conference papers, 07 edited books, and 19 chapters, with 230+ Scopus and 350+ Google Scholar citations.

Prof. Avinash Kumar Agarwal is Director at IIT Jodhpur. He obtained his Undergraduate Degree in Mechanical Engineering (1994) from Malviya Regional Engineering College, Jaipur, and his MTech (Energy, 1996) and PhD (Energy, 1999) from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi. After his Post-Doctoral Fellowship (1999 – 2001) at the ERC, UW, Madison, USA, he returned to India in 2001 and joined IIT Kanpur. Prof. Agarwal has established a state-of-the-art "Engine Research Laboratory" at IIT Kanpur. Prof. Agarwal is interested in researching IC engines, combustion, conventional and alternative fuels, optical diagnostics, laser ignition, HCCI, particulates and emission control, and large bore engines. Prof. Agarwal has published over 550+ peer-reviewed international journal and conference papers, 65 edited books, and 129 book chapters, attracting 18300+ Scopus and 27400+ Google Scholar citations. For his outstanding contributions, Prof. Agarwal is conferred upon Sir J C Bose National Fellowship (2019) by SERB, Prestigious Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize (2016) in Engineering Sciences, Rajib Goyal Prize in Physical Sciences (2015); NASI-Reliance Industries Platinum Jubilee Award (2012); INAE Silver Jubilee Young Engineer Award (2012); INSA Young Scientist Award (2007); UICT Young Scientist Award (2007); INAE Young Engineer Award (2005); Devendra Shukla Research Fellowship (2009-12), Poonam and Prabhu Goyal Endowed Chair Professorship (2013-16), SBI Endowed Chair Professorship (2018-21, 2022-25) at IIT Kanpur. He is an elected Fellow of TWAS, SAE, ASME, INAE, ISEES, RSC, NASI, WSSET, AAAS and Combustion Institute USA.