New Worlds Reflected Travel and Utopia in the Early Modern Period

Utopias have long interested scholars of the intellectual and literary history of the early modern period. From the time of Thomas More's Utopia (1516), fictional utopias were indebted to contemporary travel narratives, with which they shared interests in physical and metaphorical journeys, processes of exploration and discovery, encounters with new peoples, and exchange between cultures. Travel writers, too, turned to utopian discourses to describe the new worlds and societies they encountered. Both utopia and travel writing came to involve a process of reflection upon their authors' societies and cultures, as well as representations of new and different worlds. As awareness of early modern encounters with new worlds moves beyond the Atlantic World to consider exploration and travel, piracy and cultural exchange throughout the globe, an assessment of the mutual indebtedness of these genres, as well as an introduction to their development, is needed. New Worlds Reflected provides a significant contribution both to the history of utopian literature and travel, and to the wider cultural and intellectual history of the time, assembling original essays from scholars interested in representations of the globe and new and ideal worlds in the period from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries, and in the imaginative reciprocal responsiveness of utopian and travel writing. Together these essays underline the mutual indebtedness of travel and utopia in the early modern period, and highlight the rich variety of ways in which writers made use of the prospect of new and ideal worlds. New Worlds Reflected showcases new work in the fields of early modern utopian and global studies and will appeal to all scholars interested in such questions.

Introduction; Part 1 Utopia and Knowledge; Chapter 1 Rebuilding solomon’s Temple: Richard hakluyt’s Great Instauration, David Harris Sacks; Chapter 2 Kepler’s Somnium and Francis Godwin’s The Man in the Moone : Births of Science-Fiction 1593–1638, William Poole; Chapter 3 Utopia, Millenarianism, and the Baconian Programme of Margaret Cavendish’s The Blazing World (1666), Line Cottegnies; Part 2 Utopian Communities and Piracy; Chapter 4 of the author’s dissertation, ‘Pirates, Merchants, Settlers and Slaves: Making an Indo-Atlantic Trade World, 1640–1730’ (University of California-Santa Cruz, 2008), which explores global trade networks and trans-cultural settlements that connected the Atlantic and Indian Ocean worlds in the early modern era. The author wishes to thank Chloë Houston, Birkbeck College, London, the University of California-London, the British Library, the Bodleian Library at Oxford University, and the Huntington Library in San Marino, California., Kevin P. McDonald; Chapter 5 The Uses of ‘Piracy’: Discourses of Mercantilism and Empire in Hakluyt’s The Famous Voyage of Sir Francis Drake 1 Parts of this chapter also appear in Claire Jowitt, The Culture of Piracy, 1580–1630: English Literature and Seaborne Crime (Aldershot, 2010)., Claire Jowitt; Chapter 6 Palmares: Utopian Representations of a Runaway Settlement in Colonial Brazil, Analisa De Grave; Part 3 Utopia and the State; Chapter 7 Utopia and Education in the Seventeenth Century: Bacon’s Salomon’s House and its Influence, Chloë Houston; Chapter 8 ‘ Atlantick and Eutopian Polities’: Utopianism, Republicanism and Constitutional Design in the Interregnum. 1 I would like to thank Joad Raymond for his very helpful suggestions for this article. I am also very grateful to Antti Tahvanainen, Robyn Adams, and to the editor of this volume, Chloë Houston., Rosanna Cox; Chapter 9 Henry Neville’s The Isle of Pines : From Sexual Utopia to Political Dystopia, Daniel Carey; Chapter 10 Afterword, Andrew Hadfield;

Chloë Houston, University of Reading, UK